SHOOTING

Shooting is the act or process of firing rifles, shotguns or other projectile weapons such as bows or crossbows. Even the firing of artillery, rockets and missiles can be called shooting. A person who specializes in shooting is a marksman. Shooting can take place in a shooting range or in the field in hunting, in shooting sports or in combat.Shooting technique differs depending on factors like the type of weapon used (from a handgun to a sniper rifle), the distance to and nature of the target, the required precision and the available time. The prone position, the kneeling position and the standing position offer different amounts of support for the shooter. Holding the gun sideways, as is sometimes seen in movies and on television, is not recommended because it makes the gun almost impossible to aim.

WORLD OF WWE

The company that I researched for this paper is the World Wrestling FederationEntertainment. The company was organized and founded in the early 1940’s by VincentMcMahon Sr. The current owner and CEO is McMachon’s son, Vincent Kennedy McMahonJr. The World Wrestling Federation (WWF) is headquarters in the Titan Tower, in StamfordConnecticut. The WWF specializes in the area of Pro Wrestling, which are “scripted fights”in which highly trained athletes simulate a fighting experience. The “sport” of Pro Wrestlinghas been around since the middle of the 19th century. In early times the “fighting” was real(in fact Abe Lincoln was an early wrestling champion) but the fighting turned “fake” in theearly 1990’s. The performers in Pro Wrestling are regarded as independent contractors whosign with an individual company to perform exclusively with that company.

SEX IN SPORTS

The role of sex appeal in advertising is undeniable. Most advertisements nearly cross the line of exploiting the models to advertise a product completely unrelated to the ad. The paper shows that it seems more and more advertisers are following the route of selling sex and hoping that the product somehow weaves its way into the mind of the viewer. The paper concludes that while society has a long way to go before the psychological and sociological impacts of women's portrayal in advertising is cleaned, it is good to see that initial attempts by companies like Nike are already underway. Sex may sell, and this fact may be irrefutable, but with broad-reaching affects reaching critical mass, a shift in the presentation of sex will hopefully change in coming advertisements. The paper shows that women's empowerment will do much to shift the sociological power and will undoubtedly frame a new social standing for female role-models.

SWIMMING

The aquatic sport of swimming is based on the human act of swimming, that is, locomotion in water by self propulsion, usually with the goal to complete a given distance in the smallest amount of time. There are also swimming competitions based on endurance or precedence rather than speed, such as crossing the English Channel or some other stretch of open water. As a sport, swimming is usually distinguished from other aquatic sports (such as diving, synchronized swimming and water polo) that involve the act of swimming but where the goal is neither speed nor endurance.

ALCOHOL AND TOBACCO IN SPORTS

With sports becoming more and more commercialized, sponsorships have taken over professional sports. Alcohol and Tobacco sponsorships will be the issue of this paper and Tobacco sponsorships will be the issue of this paper. Sports sponsorship has become an important marketing tool for advertiser’s because of the flexibility, broad reach, and high level of brand or corporate exposure that it affords, (Krapp, 49). Yet some sponsors have created an uproar with in the society, these are namely alcohol and tobacco products. These two make up about half of the sponsorship in professional sports today. Sports sponsorship has been around since the creation of professional sport in the late nineteenth century. It is not a new topic, but it has become some what of a controversial issue in the past twenty years. With Tobacco companies being under strong scrutiny from the government and society, their sponsorship of sporting events have also been questioned about their effect on the youth of America. Sponsorships are useful as a supplement to regular advertising; however, they are especially valuable as an advertising substitute in situations where advertising may be banned or limited.

LAWN TENNIS

The game of tennis has been around in different forms since the fifth century B.C. There have even been drawings of people hitting a ball back and forth found in ancient caves. Tennis is the second most played sport in the world. With its ease of play and universal appeal it is not hard to see why. To understand the game of tennis you have to start out at its roots. The true precursor to the game we play today originated in thirteenth century France. The game was started by monks playing in monastery courtyards. They would take sticks or their hands and bat a wooden ball back and forth. As the Middle Ages came to a close, “royal” or “real” tennis was adopted by the royalty. They called the new sport jea de paume, which means “the game of the palm.” Royal tennis was played indoors in narrow rooms where the object was to hit the ball through passages with the least amount of bounces. Gloves were eventually used to prevent blisters, which then gave way to the use of wooden bats. These bats, varying in size and shape, progressed into strung racquets. The royal families at that time coined the name tennis from the French word Tenez, which means “here you are,” or “here, catch.

USE OF DRUG IN SPORTS

In sports, the use of performance-enhancing drugs is commonly referred to by the disparaging term "doping", particularly by those organizations that regulate competitions.The use of performance enhancing drugs is mostly done to improve athletic performance. This is why many sports ban the use of performance enhancing drugs. Another similar use of medical technology is called blood doping, either by blood transfusion or use of the hormone erythropoietin (EPO). The use of drugs to enhance performance is considered unethical by most international sports organizations and especially the International Olympic Committee, although ethicists have argued that it is little different from the use of new materials in the construction of suits and sporting equipment, which similarly aid performance and can give competitors advantage over others. The reasons for the ban are mainly the alleged health threat of performance-enhancing drugs, the equality of opportunity for athletes and the supposedly exemplary effect of "clean" ("doping-free") sports in the public